Marijuana During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

by | Dec 4, 2024 | Birth You Desire Blog | 0 comments

A blond woman in a white shirt smoking marijuana

Marijuana During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:

What You Need to Know

As marijuana use becomes more widely accepted and legalized, many expecting and new mothers may wonder: Is it safe to use marijuana during pregnancy and breastfeeding? At Birth You Desire, we aim to empower families with clear, science-backed information, so they can make the best choices for their health and their baby’s well-being. This article explores the latest research on marijuana use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, including the “pump and dump” practice and how long THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the psychoactive component in marijuana, can be detected in the body.

Marijuana Use and Pregnancy: Potential Risks

With some people viewing marijuana as a natural remedy for nausea, anxiety, and pain. It’s understandable why its use may seem appealing during pregnancy. However, THC exposure during pregnancy has been associated with developmental risks.

THC and Fetal Development

THC crosses the placenta and enters the fetus’s bloodstream, which can impact brain development. For example, studies published in Frontiers in Psychiatry (2022) indicate that prenatal THC exposure is associated with changes in fetal brain structure. Research in Pediatrics and JAMA has linked prenatal marijuana exposure to potential cognitive and behavioral issues in childhood, such as memory, attention, and learning challenges. These developmental effects highlight the fetus’s heightened sensitivity to external substances like THC.

Marijuana Use While Breastfeeding: THC in Breast Milk

How Long Does THC Stay in Breast Milk?

THC is fat-soluble, meaning it can linger in the body’s fatty tissues, including breast tissue, for prolonged periods. Research published in Obstetrics & Gynecology (2018) indicates that THC can be detected in breast milk up to six days after a single use. For frequent users, THC may remain in breast milk for even longer, potentially exposing the breastfeeding infant to the compound repeatedly. This exposure could affect infant development, as babies are more susceptible to the psychoactive effects of THC due to their developing nervous systems.

“Pumping and Dumping” and THC: Does It Work?

The concept of “pumping and dumping” involves pumping breast milk and discarding it to prevent substances from being transferred to the baby. While this method may work for certain substances like alcohol, it does not effectively eliminate THC from breast milk. THC binds to fat cells and is metabolized more slowly than alcohol. So simply discarding a few feedings will not eliminate it from the body or prevent it from being passed through breast milk. THC can remain in breast milk as long as it is in the mother’s body, potentially up to several weeks with regular use.

THC Detection in Blood, Urine, and Breast Milk

The length of time THC stays in the body varies depending on frequency of use, body composition, and metabolism. Here’s an overview of typical detection times:

  • Blood: In occasional users, THC is usually detectable in the blood for up to 1-3 days, while in frequent users, it may remain detectable for up to 25 days or longer.
  • Urine: THC can be found in urine for up to 30 days in regular users, though in occasional users, it may be detectable for about 3-7 days.
  • Breast Milk: As mentioned, THC can persist in breast milk for up to six days after a single use, and longer in habitual users.

Potential Risks of THC Exposure for Breastfeeding Infants

Studies on the effects of THC on breastfeeding infants are limited but concerning. Some research suggests that THC exposure through breast milk may impair motor development. Also, early studies indicate a potential association with developmental delays and behavioral challenges.

Recommendations for Expecting and New Mothers

Given the potential risks associated with THC exposure during pregnancy and breastfeeding, most health professionals, including the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, advise avoiding marijuana use during these periods. While more research is ongoing, current findings suggest that the safest approach is to abstain from marijuana during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Final Thoughts

As marijuana use becomes increasingly common, it’s important to understand its potential impacts during pregnancy and breastfeeding. While some may turn to marijuana for relief from certain symptoms, the potential developmental risks to the baby—both in utero and through breastfeeding—warrant caution. If you’re considering using marijuana while pregnant or breastfeeding, consult with a healthcare provider to discuss safe alternatives.

At Birth You Desire, we are committed to providing the latest evidence-based information to help you make informed choices. For more guidance on pregnancy and breastfeeding, reach out to our team, and we’ll be here to support you every step of the way. Reach out if you have any questions. Or if you would like to know more about our services.